Occlusion in a dental context simply means the contact between the teeth. More technically, the relationship between the jaw (upper) and mandibular (lower) teeth when they approach each other, as is the case when chewing or at rest.
Occlusion is how your teeth come together when your jaw.

It is influenced by three basic components:
(1) teeth
(2) the nerves and muscles
(3) bone.

Another factor that may affect the way your teeth fit together is your position.
If your teeth do not fit together properly, problems can not only the teeth but also gums, temporo-mandibular joint or the muscles that move your jaw. These problems are called 'occlusal problems.

Malocclusion is a deviation of teeth and jaws, or more simply, "bad bite" malocclusion can lead to a range of health and dental problems.

Static Occlusion refers to the contact between the teeth when the jaw is closed and quiet.

Dynamic occlusion refers to the occlusal contacts when moving the jaw, such as chewing.

Centric occlusion is the occlusion of a person does when they close their jaws and teeth in imposing the maximum intercuspation.
It is also known as a man habitually bite convenience bite or intercuspation position (ICP).
Centric relationship, not to be confused with Centric occlusion, the relationship between the upper and lower jaw